AURORA! The storms should produce bright aurora at relatively low latitudes, well south of the Canadian border. Look for green or red colours in the sky if you look northward. Unfortunately, it is raining here. 🙁 pic.twitter.com/Nvmvp5DI92
— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) May 11, 2024
Devido à atividade solar, e à tempestade geomagnética que se seguiu, além das perturbações elétricas e nas comunicações, existiu sobretudo um belíssimo espetáculo de auroras nos céus terrestres, em latitudes mais baixas do que o habitual, incluindo em Portugal e nos EUA.
Sendo que em Portugal é bastante raro aparecerem auroras boreais no céus, obviamente, este fenómeno despertou enorme interesse.
Existem registos de 1872, de 1938, de 1957, e de Novembro de 2023 (na Figueira da Foz), o que mostra a raridade da visualização do fenómeno em latitudes como as portuguesas.
Estes são alguns exemplos (o crédito é dos autores de cada foto, identificados pela conta na rede social ou na descrição dessa conta):
A dança da #Auroraborealis em Portugal 🇵🇹
©️ Rodolfo Ferreira
A noite de sexta-feira foi de facto, histórica! pic.twitter.com/elFULRbCzP— Márcio Santos – Meteorologia e Ambiente (@MeteoTrasMontPT) May 13, 2024
Evento único em Trás-os-Montes, aurora boreal e trovoada!
Izeda, Bragança, Terras de Trás os Montes
©️Eric Maurício pic.twitter.com/FkUPMP0DIm— Márcio Santos – Meteorologia e Ambiente (@MeteoTrasMontPT) May 11, 2024
Aurora Boreal em Viseu, Portugal 🇵🇹 pic.twitter.com/fPuM1qXpDA
— Márcio Santos – Meteorologia e Ambiente (@MeteoTrasMontPT) May 10, 2024
Aurora Boreal em Coimbra. pic.twitter.com/nKrGCqA5tV
— Márcio Santos – Meteorologia e Ambiente (@MeteoTrasMontPT) May 10, 2024
Aurora Boreal na Guarda. pic.twitter.com/VgOHXnSDpw
— Márcio Santos – Meteorologia e Ambiente (@MeteoTrasMontPT) May 10, 2024
Example of the Aurora from this storm. This was taken in West Virginia. pic.twitter.com/2nnjJ2hw2n
— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) May 11, 2024
Cool man, it's a little visible to the eyes in Warren County!! My iphone camera picked it up really well. pic.twitter.com/rEZcr1b944
— Jason Pollack (@jasonp754) May 11, 2024
#Auroraborealis in middle Georgia pic.twitter.com/gdJOv9Ee7P
— Kaylee Kelly (@KayleeKelly24) May 11, 2024
WOW ITS GETTING CRAZY pic.twitter.com/tHcMkgNG0G
— Nor’Easter Nate (@labry_de) May 11, 2024
Unbelievable! I never would’ve thought I’d see it…the aurora in South Florida!!! Better pics coming eventually, this was a quick iPhone shot. #flwx #aurora @NWSMiami @TweetAurora pic.twitter.com/NluiqoolNi
— Luke Culver (@LukeCulverWx) May 11, 2024
The Aurora, Northern Lights over Anthony Gormley's Another Place, Crosby, Merseyside. #StormHour pic.twitter.com/6Kq64rgOvc
— peter byrne (@Peter_J_Byrne) May 10, 2024
Cool man, it's a little visible to the eyes in Warren County!! My iphone camera picked it up really well. pic.twitter.com/rEZcr1b944
— Jason Pollack (@jasonp754) May 11, 2024
Teyssode Southwest part of France pic.twitter.com/6z4JR0bO5S
— Jean-Luc Pavy (@Leoliens) May 11, 2024
Edinburgh feels like a different planet tonight
Incredible #aurora pic.twitter.com/iHOQIyThKm
— Jacob Anderson 🏴 (@itwasjacob) May 10, 2024
#Aurora code red! #rutland pic.twitter.com/JDfG3ftHqD
— Dr David Boyce (@DrDavidBoyce) May 10, 2024
Just wow, been photographing the #NorthernLights for over 10 years and never seen such an amazing display these at St Mary’s Lighthouse UK @ourwhitleybay #Auroraborealis #auroras @PA @StormHour @TamithaSkov @ChronicleLive pic.twitter.com/1zgNFXSJHY
— Owen Humphreys (@owenhumphreys1) May 11, 2024
Oh my word 🤩 Anyone else in the UK able to see the Northern Lights tonight? View from outside our house 🤯 pic.twitter.com/1KQocLNv6n
— Tom Bellingham (@TomP1Bellingham) May 10, 2024
Just wow, been photographing the #NorthernLights for over 10 years and never seen such an amazing display these at St Mary’s Lighthouse UK @ourwhitleybay #Auroraborealis #auroras @PA @StormHour @TamithaSkov @ChronicleLive pic.twitter.com/1zgNFXSJHY
— Owen Humphreys (@owenhumphreys1) May 11, 2024
More #Aurora pic.twitter.com/AM4NVay5af
— Dr Andrew Dickson reform/ACC (@AndrewDickson13) May 10, 2024
Aurora boreal sobre un molino de viento en Aarlanderveen, Países Bajos (Josh Walet, 2024) pic.twitter.com/KCCJhT6m5L
— El Jardín de Charles (@CRCiencia) May 25, 2024
Como diz o Royal Observatory, em Greenwich, as tempestades solares expelem partículas eletricamente carregadas. Quando elas colidem com a Terra, normalmente são refletidas para o espaço. Mas algumas delas são capturadas pelo campo magnético terrestre, sendo canalizadas para as regiões polares. Nos pólos (norte e sul), elas interagem com as moléculas e átomos existentes na atmosfera terrestre, aquecendo-os (o que os faz brilhar).
As “cortinas” de luz são causadas pelas invisíveis “linhas de força” do campo magnético terrestre.
I was sent this picture taken last night by Arrie Solomon at Oberlin College, Ohio. Thanks! The green colors are from the high-energy electrons colliding with oxygen molecules at an altitude of 100-300 kms. Purple is from collisions with nitrogen molecules at lower altitudes. pic.twitter.com/oulN7dyTKJ
— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) May 11, 2024
Quanto às diferentes cores, devem-se aos diferentes átomos e moléculas com que as partículas solares interagem na atmosfera terrestre.
E devem-se igualmente à altitude em que essa interação se dá.
Gases diferentes produzem cores distintas a diferentes altitudes.
Red, Green, Blue? Why does the Aurora change colors? Chemistry! https://t.co/sAmnBfvL0q #SpaceWeather pic.twitter.com/ILpwHSJA1T
— NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (@NWSSWPC) May 13, 2024
A atmosfera terrestre tem sobretudo nitrogénio/azoto e oxigénio.
Quando as partículas solares interagem com oxigénio, vemos as cores verde e vermelha.
Quando as partículas solares interagem com nitrogénio/azoto, vemos a cor azul, rosa ou roxo.
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